Association between Tropical Convection and Boreal Wintertime Extratropical Circulation in 1982／83 and 1988／89     

Ja-Yeon MOON  Kyung-Ja HA 《大气科学进展》2003,20(4):593-603

Boreal wintertime extratropical circulation is studied in relation to the tropical convection during the 1982/83 El Nino and 1988/89 La Nina. The anomaly structure of 1982/83 and 1988/89 over the extratropics reveals remarkably different features as the longitudinal tropical forcing region changes. The Rossby wave source (Positive) shows the largest maximum over East Asia in both years due to the persistent heating from the western Pacific warm pool area. However, the sink term shows contrasting features over the subtropics and extratropics between the two years. In the El Nino year, enhanced tropical convection over the eastern Pacific produces the Rossby wave sink at 10?N and shifted eastward over the North Pacific, while in the La Nina year, the sink area is shifted westward over the North Pacific. The contrasting features between the two events in mean-eddy interaction appears especially over the downstream area of the East Asian Jet. The extension (retraction) of the meanflow eastward (westward) to  相似文献   

30-60-day Oscillations of Convection and Circulation Associated with the Thermal State of the Western Pacific Warm Pool during Boreal Summer   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

REN Baohu  HUANG Ronghui 《大气科学进展》2003,20(5):781-793

This study focuses on the characteristics of the 30-60-day oscillation (MJO) associated with the interannual variability of the thermal state in the western Pacific warm pool. The composite results show that the amplitude of MJO convection over the tropical western Pacific tends to intensify (reduce) in the WARM (COLD) case. The negative correlations between MJO convection in the WARM and inthe COLD cases are examined to be significant over most of the Asian-Pacific region. The evolutions of MJO convection and lower circulation, on the one hand, exhibit larger differences between the WARM and COLD cases, but on the other hand, display a unique feature in that a well-developed MJO cyclone (anticyclone) is anchored over the Asian-Western Pacific domain at the peak enhanced (suppressed) MJO convection phase over the western Pacific warm pool, either in the WARM or in the COLD case. This unique feature of MJO shows a Gill-type response of lower circulation to the convection and is inferred to be an inherent appearance of MJO. The context in the paper suggests there may exist interactions between MJO and the interannual variability of the thermal state in the western Pacific warm pool.  相似文献   

Spontaneous and driven cusp dynamics: Optical aurora, particle precipitation, and plasma convection     

P.E. Sandholt  C.J. FarrugiaW.F. Denig  S.W.H. CowleyM. Lester 《Planetary and Space Science》2003,51(12):797-812

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中国西北及周边地区上地幔密度异常驱动小尺度对流          下载免费PDF全文

许萍  傅容珊  黄建平  查显杰  戴志阳 《地震学报》2006,28(5):513-522

假设地震层析成像提供的地震波速异常对应于上地幔物质的密度异常分布，而该密度异常直接源于上地幔热对流相应的温度扰动. 在给定边界条件下，利用三维傅里叶变换，在波数域内求解控制流体行为的运动方程和连续性方程，得到上地幔小尺度对流流场. 利用密度异常驱动上地幔小尺度对流的数学 物理模型，采用胥颐、刘福田等提供的地震层析成像数据计算得到了我国西北及周边地区上地幔对流模式. 结果表明，对流流场的顶部在岩石圈较薄的盆地区域呈现上升发散流动特征，如塔里木盆地、柴达木盆地、哈萨克斯坦块体及准噶尔盆地；岩石圈较厚的山脉则对应了会聚下降的流动特征，如天山山脉、昆仑山山脉和祁连山山脉. 同时，塔里木盆地处于拉张状态，驱动其上地幔物质南下向青藏高原北部西昆仑运动，以及北上向天山下部流动，这可能是天山隆升的原因之一.   相似文献   

三维地震波速结构约束下的变黏度地幔对流及其动力学意义   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

朱涛  马宗晋  冯锐 《地球物理学报》2006,49(5):1347-1358

建立了三维黏度扰动下的变黏度地幔对流模型，并提供了在引入地幔的三维地震波速度结构下相应的求解方法. 依此反演了瑞利数Ra = 106时，两种不同边界条件下的极、环型场对流图像，这有助于深化对地幔物质流动和大地构造运动的深部动力学过程的认识和理解. 研究结果表明，不但地幔浅部的极型场对流图像显示出了与大地构造运动的相关性并揭示了其深部动力学过程，更重要的是，地幔浅部的环型场对流图像首次为我们认识和理解板块构造的水平与旋转运动提供了重要的信息：环型场速度剖面中在赤道附近存在一条大致南东东—北西西向的强对流条带，可能与环赤道附近大型剪切带的形成相关，进而表明可能是该带强震发生的深部动力学背景；在南北半球存在的旋转方向相反的对流环表明它们整体上可能存在差异旋转.  相似文献   

Scaling properties of convection-driven dynamos in rotating spherical shells and application to planetary magnetic fields   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

U. R. Christensen  J. Aubert 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,166(1):97-114

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Possible mechanism of the effect of convection over Asian-Australian "land bridge" on the East Asian summer monsoon onset   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

HE Jinhai  WEN Min  DING Yihui  ZHANG Renhe 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2006,49(11)

The Asian-Australian "land bridge" is an area with the most vigorous convection in Asian monsoon region in boreal spring, where the onset and march of convection are well associated with the onset of East Asian summer monsoon. The convection occurs over Indo-China Peninsula as early as mid-April, which exerts critical impact on the evolution of monsoon circulation. Before mid-April there are primarily sensible heatings to the atmosphere over Indo-China Peninsula and Indian Peninsula, so the apparent heating ratios over them decrease with height. However, after mid-April it changes into latent heating over Indo-China Peninsula due to the onset of convection, and the apparent heating ratio increases with height in mid- and lower troposphere. The vertical distribution of heating ratio and its differences between Indo-China Peninsula and Indian Peninsula are the key factors leading to the splitting of boreal subtropical high belt over the Bay of Bengal. Such mechanism is strongly supported by the fact that the evolution of the vertical heating ratio gradient above Indo-China Peninsula leads that of 850 hPa vorticity over the Bay of Bengal. Convections over Indo-China Peninsula and its surrounding areas further increase after the splitting. Since then, there is a positive feedback lying among the convective heating, the eastward retreat of the subtropical high and the march of monsoon, which is a possible mechanism of the advance of summer monsoon and convection from Indo-China Peninsula to South China Sea.  相似文献   

Lower mantle dynamics with the post-perovskite phase change, radiative thermal conductivity, temperature- and depth-dependent viscosity     

Ctirad Matyska  David A. Yuen 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》2006,154(2):196-207

The new post-perovskite phase near the core-mantle boundary has important ramifications on lower mantle dynamics. We have investigated the dynamical impact arising from the interaction of temperature- and depth-dependent viscosity with radiative thermal conductivity, up to a lateral viscosity contrast of 10⁴, on both the ascending and descending flows in the presence of both the endothermic phase change at 670 km depth and an exothermic post-perovskite transition at 2650 km depth. The phase boundaries are approximated as localized zones. We have employed a two-dimensional Cartesian model, using a box with an aspect-ratio of 10, within the framework of the extended Boussinesq approximation. Our results for temperature- and depth-dependent viscosity corroborate the previous results for depth-dependent viscosity in that a sufficiently strong radiative thermal conductivity plays an important role for sustaining superplumes in the lower mantle, once the post-perovskite phase change is brought into play. This aspect is especially emphasized, when the radiative thermal conductivity is restricted only to the post-perovskite phase. These results revealed a greater degree of asymmetry is produced in the vertical flow structures of the mantle by the phase transitions. Mass and heat transfer between the upper and lower mantle will deviate substantially from the traditional whole-mantle convection model. Streamlines revealed that an overall complete communication between the top and lower mantle is difficult to be achieved.  相似文献   

极隙区极光粒子沉降对电离层影响的模拟研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

陈卓天  张北辰  杨惠根  刘瑞源 《极地研究》2006,18(3):166-174

利用一维自洽的时变极区电离层模型,研究极隙区极光粒子沉降对极区电离层F层电子密度影响的时变过程。假设一维时变电离层模型描述的磁流管中F层等离子体在对流作用下经过极隙区,随对流路径的不同,磁流管在极隙区经历的时间不同,以此考察极光粒子沉降作用下电离层随时间的演化过程。数值计算结果表明,当磁流管在极隙区停留的时间足够长,F层电子密度能显著增大。然而在磁流管经历极隙区实际时间较短的情况下,极隙区极光粒子沉降对F层电子密度的影响并不大。本文还给出了统计对流模型作用下磁流管在经历极隙区时,有沉降粒子作用和没有沉降粒子作用两种情况下,F层等离子体的时间变化过程的差异。  相似文献   

Model multi-cloud parameterizations for convectively coupled waves: Detailed nonlinear wave evolution     

Boualem Khouider  Andrew J. Majda 《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2006,42(1-4):59

Recent observational analysis reveals the central role of three cloud types, congestus, stratiform, and deep-convective cumulus clouds, in the dynamics of large scale convectively coupled Kelvin waves, westward propagating 2-day waves, and the Madden–Julian oscillation. Recently, a systematic model convective parametrization highlighting the dynamic role of the three cloud types has been developed by the authors involving two baroclinic modes of vertical structure: a deep-convective heating mode and a second mode with low level heating and cooling corresponding, respectively, to congestus and stratiform clouds. The model includes a systematic moisture equation where the lower troposphere moisture increases through detrainment of shallow cumulus clouds, evaporation of stratiform rain, and moisture convergence and decreases through deep-convective precipitation and also a nonlinear switch which favors either deep or congestus convection depending on the relative dryness of the middle troposphere. The detailed nonlinear evolution of large scale convectively coupled waves in the model parametrization is studied here in a chaotic intermittent regime of the nonlinear dynamics associated with weaker mean radiative cooling where such waves are isolated in space and time. This regime is utilized to elucidate in a clean fashion several novel features of the model parametrization. In particular, four stages of nonlinear wave evolution occur: in the preconditioning and birth stages, the role of congestus moistening and second baroclinic convergence are crucial while in the dying stage of the large scale convectively coupled wave, the role of the nonlinear switch, and the drying of the troposphere are essential. In the mature phase, the large scale features of the convectively coupled waves resemble those in observations of convectively coupled Kelvin waves including the propagation speed, wave tilt, temperature, heating, and velocity structure.  相似文献